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qualitative research
Qualitative research is a method of inquiry employed in many different academic disciplines, traditionally in the social sciences, but also in market research, in business, and other contexts including service demonstrations by non-profits.
==Introduction==
Qualitative research is a major field of academic research study, and the basis for awarding theses and dissertations (i.e., the making of a Doctorate) in the US and worldwide. The aim of a qualitative research may vary with the disciplinary background, such as a psychologist seeking to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. The qualitative method investigates the ''why'' and ''how'' of decision making, not just ''what'', ''where'', ''when'', or "who", and has a strong basis in the field of sociology to understand government and social programs, and is popular among political science, social work, and special education and education majors.
In the conventional view by statisticians, qualitative methods produce information only on the particular cases studied (e.g., ethnographies paid for by governmental funds which may involve research teams), and any more general conclusions are considered propositions (informed assertions). Quantitative methods can then be used to seek empirical support for such research hypotheses. In contrast, a qualitative researcher holds that understanding comes from exploring the totality of the situation (e.g., phenomenology, symbolic interactionism), often has access to large reams of "hard data", and begins with propositions proceeding in a scientific and empirical way throughout the research process (e.g., Bogdan & Taylor, 1990).
A popular method of qualitative research is the case study (e.g., Yin, 1989) which examines indepth "purposive samples" to better understand a phenomenon (e.g., supports to families; Racino, 1999); hence, smaller but focused samples are more often used than large samples which may also be conducted by the same or related researchers or research centers (e.g., Braddock, et al., 1995).
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